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General Information

There are three different data types that return lists. i.e., types that are based on lists, or ordered collections of elements.

These data types are:

List Operators

There are four available operators for working on list-based data types:

OperatorBehaviorExamples
l APPEND mReturns a list with elements in l followed by elements in m, therefore the number of elements is the sum of the number of elements in l and m.
Order is respected. It may contain repeated elements.		 [1, 2, 3] APPEND [3, 4, 4] = [1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4]

["blue", "red", "red"] APPEND ["red", "green"] = ["blue", "red", "red", "red", "green"]

subtasks() UNION subtasks() returns a list containing twice all the sub-tasks of current issue.
l UNION mReturns a list with elements in l and elements m without repetitions.
Order is respected.		 [1, 2, 3] UNION [3, 4, 4] = [1, 2, 3, 4]

["blue", "red", "red"] UNION ["red", "green"] = ["blue", "red", "green"]

linkedIssues() UNION subtasks() returns a list with linked issues and sub-tasks of current issue without repetitions.
l INTERSECT mReturns a list with the elements present in both lists simultaneously. Returned list doesn't contain element repetitions.
Order is respected.		 [1, 1, 2, 3] INTERSECT [1, 3, 5] = [1, 3]

["red", "blue", "blue"] INTERSECT ["blue", "yellow", "yellow"] = ["blue"]

linkedIssues() INTERSECT subtasks() returns a list with those sub-tasks which are also linked to current issue.
l EXCEPT mReturns a list with elements in l which are not present in list m. Returned list doesn't contain element repetitions.
Order is respected.		 [1, 2, 2, 3, 3] EXCEPT [2, 5, 6] = [1, 3]

["red", "red", "blue", "blue", "green"] EXCEPT ["blue", "yellow"] = ["red", "green"]

linkedIssues() EXCEPT subtasks() returns a list with linked issues which are not sub-tasks of current issue.


  • l and  m are both lists of the same data type: number, string or issues.
  • All operators are case insensitive, i.e., they can also be written in lower case: append, union, intersect and except .
  • There are 4 equivalent and homonym functions available for each type of list, and its behavior is exactly equivalent to that of its corresponding operator. This way, you can choose to use operators or functions according to your preference. Although operators yield shorter expressions and with fewer parentheses, the usage of functions produces a more functional consistent syntax


Precedence Order and Associativity

OPERATORSPRECEDENCEASSOCIATIVITY
l INTERSECT m1 (highest)Left-to-Right
l UNION m, l EXCEPT m, l APPEND m2 (lowest)Left-to-Right

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