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 Overview

The JWT expression parser accepts the most common comparison operators as well as logical operators. 

The main purpose of these operators is to construct complex logical comparisons by linking individual expressions. 


Comparison operators

The operators, their meaning and the application data types you can use them with are listed below.

A comparison always returns a BOOLEAN value.

Overview of all case-sensitive comparison operators


All operators respect the case of the characters.


OperatorMeaningExamples (all examples return true)
= equal to
1=1
true = true //comment
[1, 2, 3] = [1, 2, 3]
true = true
[1, 2, 3] = [1, 2, 3]
["blue", "red", "green"] = ["blue", "red", "green"]

When working with lists, each elements' existence and its order are being evaluated.

!= not equal to
  • 0 != 1
  • "HELLO" != "Hello"
  • %{issue.description} != "Hello"
  • true != false
  • [1, 2, 3] != [1, 3, 2]
  • ["blue", "red", "green"] != ["blue", "green", "red"]

When working with lists, each elements' existence and its order are evaluated.

< lower than
  • 1 < 2
  • "abc" < "bbc"
  • "abc" < "abcd"
> greater than
  • 2 > 1
  • "bbc" > "abc"
  • "abcd" > "abc"
<= less than or equal to
  • 3 <= 3
>= greater than or equal to
  • "Hello world! Hello *" >= "Hello world"
~ contains
  • "Hello world!" ~ "world", checks whether a string contains a substring.
  • %{issue.components.leads} ~ %{system.currentUser} , checks whether "Component leads" contains "Current user".
  • [1, 2, 3, 2, 2, 4] ~ [2, 1, 2] , when used with lists cardinalities of every single instance of an element must match.
  • ["blue", "red", "green", "red", "white", "red"] ~ ["red", "green", "red"]
  • (["green", "red"] ~ ["red", "green", "red"]) = false
!~ does not contain
  • "world" !~ "Hello world!"
  • %{issue.fixVersions} !~ %{issue.versions} , checks whether "Fix version/s" doesn't contain all versions in "Affects version/s".
  • [1, 2, 3, 2, 2, 4] !~ [2, 1, 1, 4] , when used with lists cardinalities of every single instance of an element must match.
  • ["blue", "red", "green", "red", "red"] !~ ["red", "green", "green", "red"]
in is contained in "world" in "Hello world!" , to check whether a substring is contained in a string.
%{system.currentUser} in %{issue.components.leads} , checks whether "Current user" is contained in "Component leads".
[1, 1, 2] in [2, 1, 1, 1, 4] ,  cardinalities of every single element must match. 
["blue", "red", "red"] in ["red", "green", "blue", "red", "red"] ,  cardinalities of every single instance of an element must match. 
2 in [1, 2, 3]
"blue" in ["red, "blue", "white"]
not in is not contained in "Hello world!" not in "world"
%{issue.versions} not in %{issue.fixVersions} , checks whether not all versions in "Affects version/s" are contained in "Fix version/s".
[1, 1, 2, 2] not in [2, 1, 1, 1, 4] , cardinalities of every single element must match. 
["blue", "red", "red", "blue"] not in ["red", "blue", "red", "red"] , cardinalities of every single instance of an element must match. 
5 not in [1, 2, 3, 3, 4]
"orange" not in ["blue", "red", "white"]
any in some element is in %{issue.versions} any in %{issue.fixVersions} , checks whether any version in "Affects version/s" is contained in "Fix version/s".
[1, 3] any in [3, 4, 5]
["blue", "white"] any in ["black", "white", "green"]
none in no single element is in %{issue.versions} none in %{issue.fixVersions} , checks whether there isn't a single version "Affects version/s" in "Fix version/s".
[1, 2] none in [3, 4, 5]
["blue", "red"] none in ["black", "white", "green"]
Overview of all case ignoring comparison operators

The following comparison operators are applicable to  STRING and STRING LIST   data types.

All operators ignore the case of the characters.

OperatorMeaningExamples (all examples return true)
=~ equal to "HELLO" =~ "Hello"
"up" =~ "UP"
["blue", "red", "green"] =~ ["Blue", "RED", "Green"]
!=~ not equal to " HELLO" !=~ "Hello"
"up" !=~ "down"
("up" !=~ "UP") = false
["blue", "red"] !=~ ["Blue", "green"]
["blue", "red"] !=~ ["Red", "BLUE"]
(["blue", "red", "green"] !=~ ["Blue", "RED", "Green"]) = false
~~ contains "Hello World!" ~~ "world" , checks whether a string contains a substring.
"A small step for a man" ~~ "STEP" , checks whether a string contains a substring.
["one", "two", "three"] ~~ ["TWO", "One"] , checks whether a string list contains all the elements of another string list.
!~~ does not contain "Hello World!" !~~ "bye" , checks whether a string doesn't contain a substring.
"A small step for a man" !~~ "big" , checks whether a string doesn't contain a substring.
["one", "two", "three"] !~~ ["Four"] , checks whether a string list doesn't contain one element of another string list.
(["one", "two", "three"] !~~ ["TWO"]) = false
in~ is contained in "world" in~ "Hello World!" , checks whether a substring is contained in another string.
"STEP" in~ "A small step for a man" , checks whether a substring is contained in another string.
["TWO", "One"] in~ ["one", "two", "three"] , checks whether all the elements of a string list are contained in another string list.
not in~ is not contained in "bye" not in~ "Hello World!" , checks whether a substring is not contained in another string.
"big" not in~ "A small step for a man" , checks whether a substring is not contained in another string.
["Four"] not in~ ["one", "two", "three"] , checks whether any of the elements of a string list are not contained in another string list.
(["TWO"] not in~ ["one", "two", "three"]) = false
any in~ some element is in ["blue", "violet"] any in~ ["Blue", "Red", "Green"]
["Five", "One"] any in~ ["FOUR", "FIVE", "SIX"]
none in~ no single element is in ["Orange"] any in~ ["red", "blue", "green"]
(["orange"] any in~ ["Red", "Orange"]) = false
Applicable data types

Below you find a comprehensive matrix of all operators and applicable data types.


Comparison Operator

BOOLEAN

NUMBER

TEXT

NUMBER LIST

TEXT LIST

ISSUE LIST

MULTI-VALUE FIELD

= (tick)(tick)XXXXX
!= XXXXXXX
<
XX----
> -XX----
<= -XX----
>= -XX----
~ --XXXXX
!~ --XXXXX
in --XXXXX
not in --XXXXX
any in ---XXXX
none in ---XXXX
=~ --X-X--
!=~ --X-X--
~~ --X-X--
!~~ --X-X--
in~ --X-X--
not in~ --X-X--
any in~ ----X--
none in~ ----X--

Things to be aware of

Please be aware the both operators of the respective comparison must have the same data type. The only exceptions are the following:

  • Automatic casting from Number to String: Whenever you write a numeric term at the right-hand side of a comparison operator like =, and the left-hand side is occupied by a string term, the parser will automatically transform the right-hand side term into a string (e.g. "30" = 30 will be interpreted the same way as "30" = "30")
  • Single values as operator in list operations: Operators ~, !~, in  and not in can be used for checking a single element (number or string) against a NUMBER LIST or a TEXT LIST
  • Comparison with the null value: A field which is not set or an empty string is interpreted as null. A field returning NUMBER, which doesn't contain a number, is also interpreted as null.
Things to remember
RememberExample
Operators ~, !~, in  and not in can be used for checking a single element (number or text) against a number list or a text list
  • 1 in [1, 2, 3] 
  • ["blue", "red"] ~ "blue" .
Operators ~, !~, in  and  not in when used with a text are useful to look for substrings in another string.
  • "I love coding" ~ "love"
  • "I don't like Mondays" !~ "Fridays"
  • "love" in "I love coding"
  • "Fridays" not in "I don't like Mondays".
Operators  ~, !~, in  and  not in respect cardinality, i.e., container list must have at least the same number of elements as contained list.
  • [1, 1] in [1, 1, 1]
  • [1, 1] not in [1, 2, 3] .
Operators = and != , when used for comparing lists, require to have the same elements, with the same cardinality and the same order.
  • [1, 2, 3] = [1, 2, 3]
  • [4, 5, 6] != [4, 6, 5] .

Operators <, >, <= and >= work according to lexicographical order when comparing strings.



Logical operators

The table below lists all logical operators that can be used for linking logical terms in an expression.

Logical operators take logical terms (which return BOOLEAN values) as operands and can thus be built using:

  • a boolean value
  • a comparison
  • a logical term enclosed by brackets ()
  • two logical terms connected with a logical operator, where boolean literals and comparisons themselves are logical terms


Overview of all logical operators


Operator

Meaning

Precedence

NOT or  ! logical negation1 (highest)
AND or & logical conjunction2
OR or  | logical disjunction3
XOR exclusive or, i.e.,  a XOR b   is equivalent to   a AND !b OR !a AND b 3
IMPLIES or  IMP logical implication, i.e.,  a IMPLIES b   is equivalent to  !a OR b 4
XNOR or EQV logical equivalence, i.e.,  a EQV b   is equivalent to  a IMPLIES b AND b IMPLIES a 4 (lowest)

A single logical term can be enclosed by brackets () in order to increase the readability of the expressions or to define a precedence which differs from the given one. 

Logical operators can also be written in lower case (e.g. and, or)


Conditional operator (IF - THEN -ELSE)

The conditional operator  ?  :  is a powerful operator to construct conditional expressions.

It basically allows you to construct the following expression: IF boolean_expression true THEN  term_1   ELSE  term_2.

<boolean_expression> ? <term_1> : <term_2> 

The conditional operator is extremely helpful when being used in calculated fields.

Examples of using the conditional operator
ExpressionDescription
%{issue.priority} = "Highest" ? "Please have a look at this issue immediately" : "No stress, come back later"

IF the priority of an issue is Blocker,

THEN this function will return the TEXT "Please have a look at this issue immediately"

ELSE it will return the TEXT "No stress, come back later".

{issue.duedate} != null ? ({...duedate} - {...currentDateTime}) / {HOUR} : 0

IF an issue does have a due date set (due date is not null),

THEN this function will return the NUMBER of hours from the current date-time to the due date 

ELSE it will return the NUMBER 0.

%{issue.somefield} = "Red" ? "Color" : "No color"

IF a custom field (e.g. a select list) has a value of Red,

THEN this function will return the text Color, 

ELSE it will return No color.

timePart({...currentDateTime}, LOCAL) > 21:00 AND timePart({...currentDateTime}, LOCAL) < 7:00 ? "Night" : "Day"

IF the current time is between 21:00 and 7:00

THEN this function will return the  TEXT "Night" ,

ELSE it will return the TEXT "Day".